- Title Pages
- Preface
- Introduction: Revolution, Modernization, Socialism—Baselines of Modern Russian History
-
Chapter 1 Marx and the Movement of History -
Chapter 2 Fate and Will in the Marxian Vision -
Chapter 3 Lenin as a Russian Revolutionary -
Chapter 4 The Bolsheviks and the Intelligentsia -
Chapter 5 Lenin's Vision -
Chapter 6 Russia and Revolution -
Chapter 7 Revolution from the Inside -
Chapter 8 The Bolshevik Gamble -
Chapter 9 Left Communism in the Revolutionary Era -
Chapter 10 Russian Revolutionary Extremism -
Chapter 11 The Militarization of Socialism in Russia -
Chapter 12 Bureaucratic Advance and Social Lag in the Revolution -
Chapter 13 Socialist Alternatives in the Crisis of 1921 -
Chapter 14 The Left Opposition and the Evolution of the Communist Regime -
Chapter 15 Trotsky on Democracy and Bureaucracy -
Chapter 16 The Left Opposition as an Alternative to Stalinism -
Chapter 17 Foundations of Stalinism -
Chapter 18 Stalinism as Postrevolutionary Dictatorship -
Chapter 19 From Distributive Socialism to Production Socialism -
Chapter 20 Stalin's Cultural Counterrevolution -
Chapter 21 Stalinism and Russian Political Culture -
Chapter 22 Stalinist Ideology as False Consciousness -
Chapter 23 Was Stalin Really a Communist? -
Chapter 24 Khrushchev and the Party Apparatus -
Chapter 25 Khrushchev and the Intelligentsia -
Chapter 26 The Fall of Khrushchev and the Advent of Participatory Bureaucracy -
Chapter 27 The Central Committee as a Bureaucratic Elite -
Chapter 28 The Generational Revolution -
Chapter 29 Reform and the Intelligentsia -
Chapter 30 Gorbachev's Opportunity -
Chapter 31 Gorbachev and the Reversal of History -
Chapter 32 Soviet Federalism and the Breakup of the USSR -
Chapter 33 The Revolutionary Process and the Moderate Revolutionary Revival -
Chapter 34 The Communist Oppositions and Post-Stalinist Reform -
Chapter 35 Past and Present -
Chapter 36 The Grand Surprise and Soviet Studies - Index
Marx and the Movement of History
Marx and the Movement of History
- Chapter:
- (p.17) Chapter 1 Marx and the Movement of History
- Source:
- The Rise and Fall of Communism in Russia
- Author(s):
Robert Daniels
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
Marxism emerged in the nineteenth century as an optimistically evolutionary system of social thought that offered a scientific analysis and explanation of history. Karl Marx's system of thought has been subject to a wide range of interpretations and emphases, and surprisingly had its own historical development. This chapter explores the historical evolution of Marxism, from Marx's graduation from the University of Berlin in 1841 and his publication of The Poverty of Philosophy in 1847, to his activity in the revolutionary movement preceding and during the upheaval of 1848, his study of the economic development of capitalism, and his renewed interest in active politics within the context of the International Workingmen's Association. It also discusses the doctrine of “historical materialism” as the core of Marx's theory of history, along with his doctrine of classes and the class struggle. Finally, it examines Marx's theory that the natural outcome of capitalism was the proletarian revolution and the creation of the classless society of Communism.
Keywords: Communism, Marxism, Karl Marx, capitalism, class struggle, historical materialism, The Poverty of Philosophy, International Workingmen's Association, revolutionary movement
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- Title Pages
- Preface
- Introduction: Revolution, Modernization, Socialism—Baselines of Modern Russian History
-
Chapter 1 Marx and the Movement of History -
Chapter 2 Fate and Will in the Marxian Vision -
Chapter 3 Lenin as a Russian Revolutionary -
Chapter 4 The Bolsheviks and the Intelligentsia -
Chapter 5 Lenin's Vision -
Chapter 6 Russia and Revolution -
Chapter 7 Revolution from the Inside -
Chapter 8 The Bolshevik Gamble -
Chapter 9 Left Communism in the Revolutionary Era -
Chapter 10 Russian Revolutionary Extremism -
Chapter 11 The Militarization of Socialism in Russia -
Chapter 12 Bureaucratic Advance and Social Lag in the Revolution -
Chapter 13 Socialist Alternatives in the Crisis of 1921 -
Chapter 14 The Left Opposition and the Evolution of the Communist Regime -
Chapter 15 Trotsky on Democracy and Bureaucracy -
Chapter 16 The Left Opposition as an Alternative to Stalinism -
Chapter 17 Foundations of Stalinism -
Chapter 18 Stalinism as Postrevolutionary Dictatorship -
Chapter 19 From Distributive Socialism to Production Socialism -
Chapter 20 Stalin's Cultural Counterrevolution -
Chapter 21 Stalinism and Russian Political Culture -
Chapter 22 Stalinist Ideology as False Consciousness -
Chapter 23 Was Stalin Really a Communist? -
Chapter 24 Khrushchev and the Party Apparatus -
Chapter 25 Khrushchev and the Intelligentsia -
Chapter 26 The Fall of Khrushchev and the Advent of Participatory Bureaucracy -
Chapter 27 The Central Committee as a Bureaucratic Elite -
Chapter 28 The Generational Revolution -
Chapter 29 Reform and the Intelligentsia -
Chapter 30 Gorbachev's Opportunity -
Chapter 31 Gorbachev and the Reversal of History -
Chapter 32 Soviet Federalism and the Breakup of the USSR -
Chapter 33 The Revolutionary Process and the Moderate Revolutionary Revival -
Chapter 34 The Communist Oppositions and Post-Stalinist Reform -
Chapter 35 Past and Present -
Chapter 36 The Grand Surprise and Soviet Studies - Index
