- Title Pages
- Dedication
- Frontispiece
- Preface
- Introduction
-
Chapter One Jewish Immigrants and Political Refugees in France, 1933–1939 -
Chapter Two Jewish Immigrants and Political Refugees in Belgium and Luxembourg before the War -
Chapter Three Flight to Southern France, May and June 1940 -
Chapter Four Jewish Refugees in the Unoccupied Zone, May 1940–August 1942 -
Chapter Five Arrests in the Occupied Zone, 1941–1942 -
Chapter Six Arrests in the Unoccupied Zone, August 1942 -
Chapter Seven Narrow Escapes and Subsequent Arrests in the Unoccupied Zone, August–November 1942 -
Chapter Eight Saint-Martin-Vésubie, November 1942–September 1943 -
Chapter Nine Crossing the Alps After September 8, 1943 -
Chapter Ten Those Who Stayed Behind -
Chapter Eleven The First Week in Italy, September 11–17, 1943 -
Chapter Twelve The Roundup in Valdieri and Borgo San Dalmazzo, September 18, 1943 -
Chapter Thirteen Deportation from Borgo San Dalmazzo -
Chapter Fourteen Hiding in the Province of Cuneo -
Chapter Fifteen Resistance -
Chapter Sixteen Traveling to and Hiding in Florence, September and October 1943 -
Chapter Seventeen Arrests and Narrow Escapes in Florence, November 1943 -
Chapter Eighteen Traveling to and Hiding in Rome, January–June 1944 -
Chapter Nineteen Auschwitz -
Chapter Twenty After the War -
Chapter Twenty-One After the War -
Chapter Twenty-Two Journeys Back - Conclusion
- Principal Witnesses
- Abbreviations
- Index
Flight to Southern France, May and June 1940
Flight to Southern France, May and June 1940
Sigi Hart, Menahem Marienberg, Boris Carmeli, Miriam Löwenwirth, Lya Haberman, and Walter Marx
- Chapter:
- (p.31) Chapter Three Flight to Southern France, May and June 1940
- Source:
- Holocaust Odysseys
- Author(s):
Susan Zuccotti
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
Before Germany invaded Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands on May 10, 1940, Jews in Western Europe were already worried about their relatives and friends in the East. About one million people from the Benelux countries, including some 10,000 to 40,000 Jews, were frantically trying to reach France before the German army could arrive. They rode the trains from Belgium headed for southern France with no apparent destination. By the end of the month, most were settled in assigned residences in the south. By the time the Germans attacked Poland in September 1939, the French government had arrested about 12,000 German and 5,000 Austrian immigrants and political refugees throughout the country, both Jews and non-Jews. This chapter chronicles the Jews' flight from the Benelux countries to southern France in May and June 1940, and describes the experiences of Sigi Hart, Menahem Marienberg, Boris Carmeli, Miriam Löwenwirth, Lya Haberman, and Walter Marx.
Keywords: Austrian immigrants, political refugees, Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Jews, France, Sigi Hart, Menahem Marienberg
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- Title Pages
- Dedication
- Frontispiece
- Preface
- Introduction
-
Chapter One Jewish Immigrants and Political Refugees in France, 1933–1939 -
Chapter Two Jewish Immigrants and Political Refugees in Belgium and Luxembourg before the War -
Chapter Three Flight to Southern France, May and June 1940 -
Chapter Four Jewish Refugees in the Unoccupied Zone, May 1940–August 1942 -
Chapter Five Arrests in the Occupied Zone, 1941–1942 -
Chapter Six Arrests in the Unoccupied Zone, August 1942 -
Chapter Seven Narrow Escapes and Subsequent Arrests in the Unoccupied Zone, August–November 1942 -
Chapter Eight Saint-Martin-Vésubie, November 1942–September 1943 -
Chapter Nine Crossing the Alps After September 8, 1943 -
Chapter Ten Those Who Stayed Behind -
Chapter Eleven The First Week in Italy, September 11–17, 1943 -
Chapter Twelve The Roundup in Valdieri and Borgo San Dalmazzo, September 18, 1943 -
Chapter Thirteen Deportation from Borgo San Dalmazzo -
Chapter Fourteen Hiding in the Province of Cuneo -
Chapter Fifteen Resistance -
Chapter Sixteen Traveling to and Hiding in Florence, September and October 1943 -
Chapter Seventeen Arrests and Narrow Escapes in Florence, November 1943 -
Chapter Eighteen Traveling to and Hiding in Rome, January–June 1944 -
Chapter Nineteen Auschwitz -
Chapter Twenty After the War -
Chapter Twenty-One After the War -
Chapter Twenty-Two Journeys Back - Conclusion
- Principal Witnesses
- Abbreviations
- Index
