Invasion of an Exotic Pest
Invasion of an Exotic Pest
Tree declines from invasive insect pests generate a variety of short- and long-term effects on forests along with impacts on ecosystems and wildlife. This chapter discusses the hemlock woolly adelgid's arrival at the hemlock forests in North America and describes the efforts to document the rate of adelgid infestation, hemlock decline, and environmental and vegetation changes.
Keywords: tree declines, ecosystems, wildlife, hemlock woolly adelgid, adelgid
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